{"id":74,"date":"2023-01-22T21:37:32","date_gmt":"2023-01-22T21:37:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/?page_id=74"},"modified":"2023-01-22T21:53:39","modified_gmt":"2023-01-22T21:53:39","slug":"tapu-satislarinda-muris-muvazasinin-ispati","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/?page_id=74","title":{"rendered":"TAPU SATI\u015eLARINDA MUR\u0130S MUVAZASININ \u0130SPATI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00d6zet: Tapuda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n mirastan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 ve muvazaal\u0131 oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131n\u0131n ispat\u0131 davac\u0131ya aittir. Salt tapu devrindeki bedel fark\u0131 muris muvazas\u0131n\u0131n ispat\u0131nda yeterli de\u011fildir. Murisin t\u00fcm miras\u00e7\u0131lara miras b\u0131rakmas\u0131 halinde mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma iddias\u0131 somut deliler ile ispatlanamazsa muris muvazas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilemez.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><strong><strong>YARGITAY 1. Hukuk Dairesi         2020\/854 E.  ,  2021\/1925 K.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Taraflar aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen tapu iptali ve tescil davas\u0131 sonunda, yerel mahkemece davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne ili\u015fkin verilen karara kar\u015f\u0131 daval\u0131lar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 istinaf ba\u015fvurular\u0131 &#8230; B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 2.Hukuk Dairesi taraf\u0131ndan miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n payla\u015ft\u0131rma kast\u0131 ile hareket etmedi\u011fi, mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 daval\u0131lara bedelsiz olarak devretti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle esastan reddine ili\u015fkin olarak verilen karar daval\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yasal s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde temyiz edilmi\u015f olmakla dosya incelendi, Tetkik Hakimi &#8230;&#8217;un raporu okundu, a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 dinlendi, gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc;<br \/>\n-KARAR-<br \/>\nDava, muris muvazaas\u0131 hukuksal nedenine dayal\u0131 miras pay\u0131 oran\u0131nda tapu iptali ve tescil iste\u011fine ili\u015fkindir.<br \/>\nDavac\u0131, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131 babas\u0131 &#8230;\u2019\u0131n mirastan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma amac\u0131yla 7 numaral\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn kuru m\u00fclkiyetini daval\u0131 o\u011flu &#8230;\u2019e; 8 numaral\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn kuru m\u00fclkiyetini ise di\u011fer daval\u0131 o\u011flu &#8230;\u2019e sat\u0131\u015f suretiyle devretti\u011fini, temlik tarihi itibar\u0131yla miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmaz satmaya ihtiyac\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek daval\u0131lar ad\u0131na olan tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n iptali ile miras pay\u0131 oran\u0131nda ad\u0131na tescilini istemi\u015ftir.<br \/>\nDaval\u0131lar, ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n m\u00fcteahhit taraf\u0131ndan zaman\u0131nda bitirilmedi\u011fini, eksik kalan k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7eki\u015fmeli ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarla ayn\u0131 apartmandaki miras b\u0131rakana ait bir dairenin de sat\u0131larak bedelinin davac\u0131ya verildi\u011fini, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde t\u00fcm bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlendiklerini, temlikin mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek davan\u0131n reddini savunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<br \/>\nMahkemece, temlikin mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 ve muvazaal\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne ili\u015fkin verilen karara kar\u015f\u0131 daval\u0131lar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 istinaf ba\u015fvurular\u0131 &#8230; B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 2.Hukuk Dairesi taraf\u0131ndan miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n payla\u015ft\u0131rma kast\u0131 ile hareket etmedi\u011fi, mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 daval\u0131lara bedelsiz olarak devretti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle esastan reddedilmi\u015ftir.<br \/>\nDosya i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve toplanan delillerden; miras b\u0131rakan &#8230;\u2019\u0131n 13.01.2010 tarihinde bizzat 7 numaral\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc daval\u0131 o\u011flu &#8230;\u2019e; 8 numaral\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ise di\u011fer daval\u0131 o\u011flu &#8230;\u2019e intifa haklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fczerinde b\u0131rakarak sat\u0131\u015f suretiyle devretti\u011fi, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n 12.03.2010 tarihinde \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile geriye miras\u00e7\u0131 olarak davac\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131 &#8230;, daval\u0131 o\u011fullar\u0131 &#8230; ve &#8230; ile dava d\u0131\u015f\u0131 e\u015fi &#8230; ve k\u0131z\u0131 &#8230;\u2019yi b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131, miras b\u0131rakan ad\u0131na temlik harici 1998 model ara\u00e7 ile \u00e7eki\u015fmeli ta\u015f\u0131nmazla ayn\u0131 apartmandaki 2 numaral\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00bd pay\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nUygulamada ve \u00f6\u011fretide &#8220;muris muvazaas\u0131&#8221; olarak tan\u0131mlanan muvazaa, niteli\u011fi itibariyle nisbi (mevsuf-vas\u0131fl\u0131) muvazaa t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. S\u00f6z konusu muvazaada miras b\u0131rakan ger\u00e7ekten s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapmak ve tapulu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n\u0131 devretmek istemektedir. Ancak miras\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 miras hakk\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rakmak i\u00e7in esas amac\u0131n\u0131 gizleyerek, ger\u00e7ekte ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamak istedi\u011fi tapulu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n\u0131, tapuda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 resmi s\u00f6zle\u015fmede iradesini sat\u0131\u015f veya \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar bakma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi do\u011frultusunda a\u00e7\u0131klamak suretiyle devretmektedir.<br \/>\nBu durumda, yerle\u015fmi\u015f Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda ve 01.04.1974 tarihli 1\/2 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Karar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrdeki s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek iradelerine uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, gizli ba\u011f\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi de T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu&#8217;nun (TMK) 706., T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu&#8217;nun (TBK) 237. (Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu&#8217;nun (BK) 213.) ve Tapu Kanunu&#8217;nun 26. maddelerinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekil ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan yoksun bulundu\u011fundan, sakl\u0131 pay sahibi olsun veya olmas\u0131n miras hakk\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fnenen t\u00fcm miras\u00e7\u0131lar dava a\u00e7arak resmi s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin muvazaa nedeni ile ge\u00e7ersizli\u011finin tespitini ve buna dayan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulan tapu kayd\u0131n\u0131n iptalini isteyebilirler.<br \/>\nHemen belirtmek gerekir ki; bu t\u00fcr uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, adil ve do\u011fru bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilmesi, daval\u0131ya yap\u0131lan temlikin ger\u00e7ek y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer bir s\u00f6yleyi\u015fle miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n as\u0131l irade ve amac\u0131n\u0131n duraksamaya yer b\u0131rakmayacak bi\u00e7imde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bir i\u00e7 sorun olan ve gizlenen ger\u00e7ek irade ve amac\u0131n tespiti ve ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 genellikle zor oldu\u011fundan bu y\u00f6ndeki delillerin eksiksiz toplan\u0131lmas\u0131 yan\u0131nda birlikte ve do\u011fru \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilmesi de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in de \u00fclke ve y\u00f6renin gelenek ve g\u00f6renekleri, toplumsal e\u011filimleri, olaylar\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131, mirasb\u0131rakan\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi yapmakta hakl\u0131 ve makul bir nedeninin bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, daval\u0131 yan\u0131n al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, sat\u0131\u015f bedeli ile s\u00f6zle\u015fme tarihindeki ger\u00e7ek de\u011fer aras\u0131ndaki fark, taraflar ile miras b\u0131rakan aras\u0131ndaki be\u015feri ili\u015fki gibi olgulardan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131nda zorunluluk vard\u0131r.<br \/>\nBilindi\u011fi \u00fczere, 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 HMK&#8217;n\u0131n 190. maddesi ile 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 TMK&#8217;n\u0131n 6. maddesi uyar\u0131nca herkes iddias\u0131n\u0131 ispatla m\u00fckelleftir.<br \/>\nSomut olaya gelince, her ne kadar temlikin mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 ve muvazaal\u0131 oldu\u011fu, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n payla\u015ft\u0131rma kast\u0131 ile hareket etmedi\u011fi, mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 daval\u0131lara bedelsiz olarak devretti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015fse de; muris muvazaas\u0131 hukuksal nedenine dayal\u0131 davalarda miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n as\u0131l ama\u00e7 ve iradesinin duraksamaya yer b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nem arz etti\u011fi, b\u00f6ylesi bir iddian\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi halinde ispat k\u00fclfetinin davac\u0131 tarafa ait oldu\u011fu ku\u015fkusuzdur. Ne var ki, dinlenen davac\u0131 tan\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n beyanlar\u0131ndan miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n mal ka\u00e7\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir somut bir olgunun ortaya konulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, di\u011fer yandan miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n geride mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma kast\u0131yla hareket etseydi t\u00fcm mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya da \u00f6nemli miktarda bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 devredebilece\u011fi, salt bedeller aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n da muvazaan\u0131n ispat\u0131nda yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, temlikin mirastan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 ve muvazaal\u0131 oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131n\u0131n davac\u0131 taraf\u00e7a ispatlanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nHal b\u00f6yle olunca, davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmesi gerekirken yan\u0131lg\u0131l\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme ile yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde karar verilmesi do\u011fru de\u011fildir.<br \/>\nDaval\u0131lar\u0131n yerinde bulunan temyiz itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanununun 373\/1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n ORTADAN KALDIRILMASINA, \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n yukar\u0131da yaz\u0131l\u0131 nedenlerden dolay\u0131 6100 Say\u0131l\u0131 HMK\u2019nin 371\/1-a maddesi uyar\u0131nca BOZULMASINA, dosyan\u0131n karar\u0131 veren &#8230; &#8230; 20. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesine, karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin &#8230; B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 2. Hukuk Dairesine g\u00f6nderilmesine, al\u0131nan pe\u015fin harc\u0131n temyiz edene geri verilmesine, 31\/03\/2021 tarihinde oybirli\u011fiyle karar verildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> Tapuda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n mirastan mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma ama\u00e7l\u0131 ve muvazaal\u0131 oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131n\u0131n ispat\u0131 davac\u0131ya aittir. Salt tapu devrindeki bedel fark\u0131 muris muvazas\u0131n\u0131n ispat\u0131nda yeterli de\u011fildir. Murisin t\u00fcm miras\u00e7\u0131lara miras b\u0131rakmas\u0131 halinde mal ka\u00e7\u0131rma iddias\u0131 somut deliler ile ispatlanamazsa muris muvazas\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilemez.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":27,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-74","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=74"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89,"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74\/revisions\/89"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.zeynepbusrabilgin.av.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=74"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}